PLoS ONE
Volume 10, Issue 4, 2015

Asthma, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammatory bowel disease amongst South Asian immigrants to Canada and their children: A population-based cohort study (Article) (Open Access)

Benchimol E.I. , Manuel D.G. , To T. , Mack D.R. , Nguyen G.C. , Gommerman J.L. , Croitoru K. , Mojaverian N. , Wang X. , Quach P. , Guttmann A.
  • a Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
  • b Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
  • c Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  • d Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
  • e Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada, Mount Sinai Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Toronto, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  • f Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  • g Mount Sinai Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Toronto, Canada, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  • h Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
  • i Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
  • j Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
  • k Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada, Division of Pediatric Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is a high and rising rate of immune-mediated diseases in the Western world. Immigrants from South Asia have been reported to be at higher risk upon arrival to the West. We determined the risk of immune-mediated diseases in South Asian and other immigrants to Ontario, Canada, and their Ontario-born children. METHODS: Population-based cohorts of patients with asthma, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were derived from health administrative data. We determined the standardized incidence, and the adjusted risk of these diseases in immigrants from South Asia, immigrants from other regions, compared with non-immigrant residents of Ontario. The risk of these diseases in the Ontario-born children of immigrants were compared to the children of non-immigrants. RESULTS: Compared to non-immigrants, adults from South Asia had higher risk of asthma (IRR 1.56, 95%CI 1.51-1.61) and T2DM (IRR 2.59, 95%CI 2.53-2.65). Adults from South Asia had lower incidence of IBD than non-immigrants (IRR 0.32, 95%CI 0.22-0.49), as did immigrants from other regions (IRR 0.29, 95%CI 0.20-0.42). Compared to non-immigrant children, the incidence of asthma (IRR 0.66, 95%CI 0.62-0.71) and IBD (IRR 0.47, 95%CI 0.33-0.67) was low amongst immigrant children from South Asia. However, the risk in Ontario-born children of South Asian immigrants relative to the children of non-immigrants was higher for asthma (IRR 1.75, 95%CI 1.69-1.81) and less attenuated for IBD (IRR 0.90, 95%CI 0.65-1.22). CONCLUSION: Early-life environmental exposures may trigger a genetic predisposition to the development of asthma and IBD in South Asian immigrants and their Canada-born children. © 2015 Benchimol et al.

Author Keywords

[No Keywords available]

Index Keywords

immigrant insulin dependent diabetes mellitus South Asian non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 human risk assessment middle aged Asia Asian continental ancestry group statistics and numerical data controlled study ulcerative colitis crohn disease Young Adult Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 migrant Humans Adolescent male Canada asthma Emigrants and Immigrants female risk factor Risk Factors environmental exposure high risk population population research prevalence Incidence Article Retrospective Studies Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Ontario inflammatory bowel disease adult major clinical study age distribution cohort analysis retrospective study
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84927563680&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0123599&partnerID=40&md5=62dd3bc051f73e544bd4ed30798610ed
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123599
ISSN: 19326203
Cited by: 19
Original Language: English