American Journal of Gastroenterology
Volume 110, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 553-563

Inflammatory bowel disease in immigrants to Canada and their children: A population-based cohort study (Article)

Benchimol E.I.* , Mack D.R. , Guttmann A. , Nguyen G.C. , To T. , Mojaverian N. , Quach P. , Manuel D.G.
  • a Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario IBD Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventative Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • b Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario IBD Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  • c Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • d Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • e Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • f Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • g Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario IBD Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • h Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:The risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) contributed by the environment can be elucidated by assessing the risk in migrants from low prevalence to Western countries. The incidence of IBD in immigrants to Canada and their Canadian-born children was compared with nonimmigrants.METHODS:A population-based cohort of IBD patients derived from health administrative data was linked to immigration data to determine the standardized incidence of IBD in immigrants to Ontario, Canada, by region of birth between 1994 and 2010. The hazard contributed by younger age at immigration was determined. Incidence for Ontario-born children of immigrant mothers was compared with the children of nonimmigrants.RESULTS:In 2,144,660 immigrants, incidence of IBD was 7.3/100,000 person-years compared with 23.9/100,000 in 12,036,921 nonimmigrants (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.34, 95% CI 0.26-0.44). Incidence was lowest risk in East Asians (IRR 0.14, 95% CI 0.11-0.18) and highest in Western Europeans/North Americans (IRR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.75). Increased age at immigration was associated with decreased risk of IBD (HR 0.986, 95% CI 0.982-0.990), a 14% increased risk per younger decade of life at immigration. Children of immigrants from the Middle East/North Africa, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and North America/Western Europe had similar risk of IBD as children of nonimmigrants; however, the incidence remained lower among children of immigrants from other regions.CONCLUSIONS:Younger age at arrival to Canada increased the risk of IBD in immigrants. Canadian-born children of immigrants from some regions assumed the high Canadian incidence of IBD, indicating that the underlying risk is activated with earlier life exposure to the Canadian environment in certain groups. © 2015 by the American College of Gastroenterology.

Author Keywords

[No Keywords available]

Index Keywords

education immigrant birth South and Central America proportional hazards model refugee Africa south of the Sahara Proportional Hazards Models Caucasian demography Europe risk human immigration risk assessment middle aged Middle East Asian continental ancestry group statistics and numerical data Cohort Studies controlled study comparative study East Asian priority journal Eastern Europe Western Europe Western European ulcerative colitis ethnology resident Residence Characteristics crohn disease Young Adult income Humans North America migrant geography Adolescent Black person male Canada African Continental Ancestry Group female family Emigrants and Immigrants Africa population research Caribbean Incidence Article early life stress Retrospective Studies Ontario Inflammatory Bowel Diseases major clinical study mother adult North American Africa, Northern age European Continental Ancestry Group South Asia Age Factors inflammatory bowel disease cohort analysis retrospective study onset age Child
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84927799698&doi=10.1038%2fajg.2015.52&partnerID=40&md5=fb3a0df9331404278004ee58a6990345
DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2015.52
ISSN: 00029270
Cited by: 75
Original Language: English