Cancer survival is an important indicator for quality of cancer care. We sought to determine if there are differences in cancer survival between immigrants and the host population in Norway. We performed a nationwide registry-based study comprising subjects diagnosed with cancer between 1990 and 2014, and followed until the end of 2016. Survival was estimated for 13 cancer sites with cause-specific survival. Adjustments were made for common confounders (age, sex, year of diagnosis and place of residence) and defined mediators (stage at diagnosis, comorbidity and socioeconomic factors). A total of 500,255 subjects were available for analysis, of which 11,252 were Western and 8,701 non-Western immigrants. We did not find differences in cancer survival between Western immigrants and Norwegians, while non-Western immigrants, with some exceptions, had similar or better survival. Better lung cancer survival in non-Western immigrants than Norwegians was notable (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.78 (0.71–0.85)), and not explained by defined mediators. Immigrants from Eastern Europe and Balkan with melanoma (hazard ratio: 1.54 (1.12–2.12)) and prostate cancer (hazard ratio: 1.34 (1.08–1.67)), and possibly from sub-Saharan Africa with breast cancer (hazard ratio: 1.41 (0.94–2.12)) had worse survival than Norwegians. The results suggest that immigrants in Norway have good cancer survival relative to the host population. Poor survival in immigrants from Eastern Europe and Balkan with melanoma and prostate cancer, and sub-Saharan Africa with breast cancer might be a concern. © 2018 UICC

cancer survival cancer immigrants register-based

immigrant breast cancer proportional hazards model Africa south of the Sahara Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) Registries cancer prognosis Proportional Hazards Models Norway survival rate lung cancer survival prediction neoplasm survival analysis prostate cancer predictive value register Neoplasms human cause specific survival epidemiology comorbidity middle aged population group cancer survival statistics and numerical data Population Groups controlled study priority journal Norwegian (citizen) comparative study cancer staging Aged Eastern Europe melanoma ethnology Humans migrant male Emigrants and Immigrants female socioeconomics Article major clinical study adult mortality