Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Volume 63, Issue 1, 2018, Pages 44-53

Prevalence, Incidence, and Persistence of Postpartum Depression, Anxiety, and Comorbidity among Chinese Immigrant and Nonimmigrant Women: A Longitudinal Cohort Study [Prévalence, incidence, et persistance de la dépression du postpartum, de l’anxiété et de la comorbidité chez des femmes chinoises immigrantes et non immigrantes: une étude de cohorte longitudinale] (Article) (Open Access)

Dennis C.-L.* , Brown H.K. , Wanigaratne S. , Fung K. , Vigod S.N. , Grigoriadis S. , Marini F. , Brennenstuhl S.
  • a Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • b Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Department of Anthropology (Health Studies Program), University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • c Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • d Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • e Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • f Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • g Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  • h Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Abstract

Objective: Our objectives were to examine the prevalence and incidence of postpartum depressive, anxiety, and comorbid symptoms over the first postpartum year; the persistence of these symptoms; and the prevalence stratified by immigration status. Method: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in Ontario, Canada. Participants were 571 Chinese recent immigrant, nonrecent immigrant, and Canadian-born women with live births in 2011 to 2014. Participants were assessed at 4, 12, and 52 weeks postpartum for the presence of possible and high depressive symptomatology (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] >9 and >12, respectively), anxiety symptomatology (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI] >40), and comorbid symptomatology (EPDS >9 and STAI >40). Prevalence and incidence with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Prevalence rates were highest at 4 weeks and decreased across time, with possible depressive symptomatology most prevalent at most time points. Incidence rates at 12 and 52 weeks were generally similar. Of those with possible symptomatology at 4 weeks, 42.0% or less continued to have symptomatology at 12 weeks and 17.4% or less at 52 weeks. There were no differences in prevalence of any type of symptomatology between immigrant and Canadian-born Chinese women at 4 weeks, but at 12 and 52 weeks, most types of symptomatology were more common among recent and nonrecent immigrants. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Chinese immigrant women are a high-risk group for postpartum depressive and anxiety symptomatology. Future research should identify cultural and psychosocial factors associated with immigration that could be addressed in the system of care for postpartum immigrant women. © 2017, © The Author(s) 2017.

Author Keywords

risk factors Depression Anxiety postpartum Prevalence

Index Keywords

anxiety Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale symptomatology China immigrant longitudinal study Chinese Follow-Up Studies follow up human immigration comorbidity Asian continental ancestry group statistics and numerical data time factor Time Factors ethnology Humans migrant Canada Emigrants and Immigrants female State Trait Anxiety Inventory risk factor Risk Factors prevalence Incidence Article Ontario major clinical study adult live birth cohort analysis Hong Kong postnatal depression Depression, Postpartum puerperium
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85041180512&doi=10.1177%2f0706743717720689&partnerID=40&md5=0a770720e73a0802b8a77f6530e39021
DOI: 10.1177/0706743717720689
ISSN: 07067437
Cited by: 6
Original Language: English