Background: This paper describes a Bosnian refugee, a survivor of war and ethnic cleansing, during a 3-year follow-up in a psychiatry clinic. Discussion: This case throws light on the tension between medicotherapeutic and sociomoral ways of understanding the effects of such experiences, and of the limitations of morally and politically neutral psychiatric categories and technologies. Suffering always invokes questions of values: in this case the clinical picture represented a moral protest at what had been done with such impunity, and a refusal to accommodate to a world which now seemed unintelligible. The clinical picture also embodied the collective outrage, and sense of unfinished business, which many back in Bosnia itself were carrying in the wake of the 1995 Dayton peace accords which effectively legitimised the lines of ethnic cleansing. Conclusions: DSM or ICD diagnoses of depressive disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder turned out to lack validity and explanatory power. Claims that victims of war and atrocity typically have an unmet need for mental health services are overstated. Recovery from the effects of war may depend on re-establishing a sense of intelligibility, a task that must primarily go on in social space rather than mental space.

Post-traumatic stress disorder Psychiatry War Moral knowledge Refugee

Social Values disease classification depression morality refugee mental health service tricyclic antidepressant agent follow up social life human Refugees middle aged war validation process Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia-Herzegovina Humans male case report social psychiatry Article adult posttraumatic stress disorder United Kingdom case study Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic politics psychiatry fluoxetine Culture