BMJ Open
Volume 9, Issue 11, 2019

Mental well-being of international migrants to Japan: a systematic review (Review) (Open Access)

Miller R. , Tomita Y. , Ong K.I.C. , Shibanuma A. , Jimba M.*
  • a Community and Global Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
  • b Community and Global Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
  • c Community and Global Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
  • d Community and Global Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
  • e Community and Global Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

Abstract

Background Migration is a stressful process of resettlement and acculturation that can often negatively impact the mental health of migrants. International migration to Japan, a country with dominant ethnic homogeneity, is growing steadily amid an ageing domestic population and severe labour shortages. Objectives To identify the contemporary barriers to, and facilitators of, mental well-being among the migrant population in Japan. Design Systematic review Data sources PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Ichushi and J-Stage Eligibility criteria Research articles examining the mental well-being of international migrants in Japan that were published in English or Japanese between January 2000 and September 2018 were included. Data extraction and synthesis Full texts of relevant articles were screened and references of the included studies were hand-searched for further admissible articles. Study characteristics, mental well-being facilitators and barriers, as well as policy recommendations were synthesised into categorical observations and were then thematically analysed. Results Fifty-five studies (23 published in English), surveying a total of 8649 migrants, were identified. The most commonly studied migrant nationalities were Brazilian (36%), followed by Chinese (27%) and Filipino (8%). Thematic analysis of barriers to mental well-being among migrants chiefly identified 'language difficulties', 'being female' and 'lack of social support', whereas the primary facilitators were 'social networks' followed by 'cultural identity'. Policy recommendations for authorities generally described more migrant support services and cross-cultural awareness among the Japanese public. Conclusion Access to social support networks of various types appears to be an influential factor affecting the mental well-being of international migrants in Japan. More research is necessary on how to promote such connections to foster a more inclusive and multicultural Japanese society amid rapid demographic change. PROSPERO registration number CRD42018108421. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019.

Author Keywords

Japan Migration Mental well-being

Index Keywords

human synthesis social network social support language Medline migrant Japan Web of Science female Review Article awareness thematic analysis adult human experiment psychological well-being systematic review data extraction

Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074544860&doi=10.1136%2fbmjopen-2019-029988&partnerID=40&md5=90fa65b81f82d2bd30b4e314c2f6e81f

DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029988
ISSN: 20446055
Original Language: English