International Journal for Equity in Health
Volume 18, Issue 1, 2019

Salutogenic health promotion program for migrant women at risk of social exclusion (Article) (Open Access)

Bonmatí-Tomas A.* , Malagón-Aguilera M.C. , Gelabert-Vilella S. , Bosch-Farré C. , Vaandrager L. , García-Gil M.M. , Juvinyà-Canal D.
  • a Faculty of Nursing, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain, Health and Health Care Research Group, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain, European Training Consortium-Public Health and Health Promotion, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain
  • b Faculty of Nursing, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain, Health and Health Care Research Group, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain
  • c Faculty of Nursing, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain
  • d Faculty of Nursing, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain, Health and Health Care Research Group, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain
  • e European Training Consortium-Public Health and Health Promotion, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain, Department of Social Sciences Heath and Society, Wageningen University and Research, Hollandseweg 1, Wageningen, KN, 6706, Netherlands
  • f Vascular Health Research Group, Unitat de Suport A la Recerca Girona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAPJGol), Girona, Spain, Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP), Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
  • g Health and Health Care Research Group, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain, Departemnt of Health Promotion, University of Girona, Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, 17071, Spain

Abstract

Background: Migrant women at risk of social exclusion often experience health inequities based on gender, country of origin or socioeconomic status. Traditional health promotion programs designed for this population have focused on covering their basic needs or modifying lifestyle behaviors. The salutogenic model of health could offer a new perspective enabling health promotion programs to reduce the impact of health inequities. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a salutogenic health promotion program focused on the empowerment of migrant women at risk of social exclusion. Methods: A four-session salutogenic health promotion program was conducted over a period of 6 months. In a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design, an ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 26 women to collect sociodemographic data, together with 5 validated instruments: Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence (SOC-13), Duke-UNC-11 (perceived social support), Quality of Life Short Form-36 (SF-36), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and the Cohen et al. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression models were performed. Statistical tests were considered significant with a two-tailed p value < 0.05. Results: Participants had a low initial SOC-13 score (60.36; SD 8.16), which did not show significant change after the health promotion program. Perceived social support (37.07; SD 6.28) and mental quality of life also remained unchanged, while physical quality of life increased from 50.84 (SD 4.60) to 53.08 (SD 5.31) (p = 0.049). Self-esteem showed an increasing trend from 30.14 (SD 4.21) to 31.92 (SD 4.38) (p = 0.120). Perceived stress decreased from 20.57 (SD 2.91) to 18.38 (SD 3.78) (p = 0.016). A greater effect was observed at the end of the program in women with lower initial scores for SOC-13 and quality of life and higher initial scores of perceived stress. Conclusions: The health promotion program reduced perceived stress, increased physical quality of life and showed a trend toward increased self-esteem, especially among migrant women with multiple vulnerability factors. The salutogenic model of health should be considered as a good practice to apply in health promotion programs and to be included in national policies to reduce health inequity in migrant populations. © 2019 The Author(s).

Author Keywords

Perceived stress Self-esteem Health promotion migrant women Salutogenesis Quality of life

Index Keywords

Short Form 36 social exclusion pretest posttest design comparative effectiveness health promotion human sense of coherence Sense of Coherence Scale controlled study social support self esteem quality of life migrant female stress clinical article Article Perceived Stress Scale adult human experiment empowerment
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071771757&doi=10.1186%2fs12939-019-1032-0&partnerID=40&md5=2ded8d730be64813f18ba47616c8a0a5
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-019-1032-0
ISSN: 14759276
Original Language: English