This article studies the extent to which educational services and schooling outcomes of local children are influenced by the presence of a refugee camp in or near their community. Investigating Congolese refugees in Rwanda and relying on a mixed-method approach, we examine schooling rates and access to school-based feeding programmes in communities closer to and further away from three refugee camps. We conduct cohort analyses to compare the schooling outcomes of Rwandans residing at different distances from each of these camps. Our results highlight that children residing closer to the camps have better schooling outcomes and that locals residing closer to the camps have mostly positive views regarding the effects of refugees on local education. These results contribute to the literature on the effects of refugees on host communities and inform policy debates on how refugees need not be a “burden” if a long-term vision shapes educational investments. © 2019 The Authors. International Migration published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Organization for Migration

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ethnic group cohort analysis refugee immigrant population resident population Rwanda educational development Child