Nutrients
Volume 8, Issue 7, 2016

Thyroid function among breastfed children with chronically excessive iodine intakes (Article) (Open Access)

Aakre I.* , Strand T.A. , Bjøro T. , Norheim I. , Barikmo I. , Ares S. , Alcorta M.D. , Henjum S.
  • a Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College, Oslo, 0130, Norway, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5018, Norway
  • b Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5018, Norway, Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, 2609, Norway
  • c Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0379, Norway, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0379, Norway
  • d Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0424, Norway
  • e Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College, Oslo, 0130, Norway
  • f Neonatology Unit, University Hospital La Paz, University of Madrid, Madrid, 28046, Spain
  • g Neonatology Unit, University Hospital La Paz, University of Madrid, Madrid, 28046, Spain
  • h Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College, Oslo, 0130, Norway

Abstract

Iodine excess may impair thyroid function and trigger adverse health consequences for children. This study aims to describe iodine status among breastfed infants with high iodine exposure in the Saharawi refugee camps Algeria, and further assess thyroid function and iodine status among the children three years later. In 2010, a cross-sectional study among 111 breastfed children aged 0–6 months was performed (baseline study). In 2013, a second cross-sectional study (follow-up study) was conducted among 289 children; 213 newly selected and 76 children retrieved from baseline. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) were measured at baseline. UIC, thyroid hormones and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) were measured at follow-up. At baseline and follow-up, 88% and 72% had excessive iodine intakes (UIC ≥ 300 µg/L), respectively. At follow-up, 24% had a thyroid hormone disturbance and/or elevated serum Tg, including 9% with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), 4% with elevated fT3 and 14% with elevated Tg. Children with SCH had poorer linear growth and were more likely to be underweight than the children without SCH. Excessive iodine intakes and thyroid disturbances were common among children below four years of age in our study. Further, SCH seemed to be associated with poor growth and weight. © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Author Keywords

Urinary iodine concentration Thyroglobulin Breast milk iodine Thyroid function tests Hypothyroidism Iodine excess Iodine intake

Index Keywords

Algeria chemistry drug effects anthropometric parameters Follow-Up Studies follow up human Hypothyroidism liothyronine thyroxine breast milk thyroid gland iodine Breast Feeding Cross-Sectional Studies Thyroglobulin Milk, Human subclinical hypothyroidism cross-sectional study Humans thyroid hormone thyroid function iodine intake male preschool child female Infant Child, Preschool Article underweight Thyroid Hormones blood body weight Linear Models Urinalysis statistical model body height nutritional status dietary intake urine pathophysiology Child body growth
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015982910&doi=10.3390%2fnu8070398&partnerID=40&md5=2589df5c7705909620b610489b09909e
DOI: 10.3390/nu8070398
ISSN: 20726643
Cited by: 11
Original Language: English