The purpose of this article is to encourage empirical research on the precursors and processes underlying terrorism in second-generation immigrants. While the Western-born children of immigrants may be at no greater risk of terrorism overall, their strategic significance as a resource for violent groups makes it important for researchers to understand the factors that may lead even a small number of these individuals to terrorism. Existing literature on the context, process, and identity factors contributing to terrorism is reviewed. Drawing on a social identity framework, it is argued that a number of additional factors will be relevant to second-generation terrorists, and that these will depend on the individual's particular pattern of cultural identification. Three forms of cultural identification in the second-generation are thus identified: ingroup, outgroup, and transitional outgroup identification. The implications of each for understanding terrorism are discussed, and suggestions for future research are presented. Copyright © 2007, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

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violence Terrorism immigrant