Mortality among 10 groups of non-western migrants to the Netherlands, observed in the period 1995-2000, is compared with mortality among people who were born in and whose parents were born in the Netherlands. The migrant groups concerned consisted of people who were born in, or whose parents were born in Turkey, Morocco, Surinam, the Netherlands Antilles, Ghana, Somalia, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan and Vietnam. Differences in mortality were adjusted for age, marital status, region, degree of urbanization, and socioeconomic status. Despite the fact that most migrants originate from countries with a substantially higher mortality rate than the Netherlands, most groups had similar or more favourable total mortality rates than native Dutch people. Men from Turkey and Surinam had slightly elevated mortality rates and men and women from Somalia had a notably higher mortality rate than native Dutch people. The generally favourable mortality rates among migrants are the result of two compensating phenomena: higher mortality among young migrants than among young native Dutch people, and lower mortality among elderly migrants than among elderly native Dutch people. An analysis of cause-of-death patterns revealed relatively low mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer and respiratory diseases in most migrant groups, and relatively high mortality from infectious diseases and injuries. These findings are unlikely to have been influenced by incomplete registration of mortality. Selective migration may play a role - some migrant groups have a relatively high level of education for example. Also some of the findings may be explained by a difference in timing between the health benefits and the health risks of migration. Migrant health could be benefiting from the favourable socioeconomic, public health and health-care conditions in the Netherlands, but not yet be affected by the higher risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease associated with prosperity.

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Netherlands Netherlands Antilles Afghanistan Cardiovascular Diseases Neoplasms human injury middle aged Ethnic Groups Turkey (republic) Iraq Ghana Aged respiratory tract disease cancer Urbanization Iran religion marriage migrant worker social status Humans cardiovascular disease Adolescent Suriname Infant, Newborn male female Viet Nam Infant Child, Preschool Socioeconomic Factors Review adult age Sex Factors Somalia Age Factors Emigration and Immigration infection cause of death mortality Morocco Child