A study published in 2010 reported on past and current language use of a group of older Dutch migrants in New Zealand. Dutch migrants were chosen because the researcher was herself a bilingual Dutch-English-speaking migrant and hence in a good position to understand respondents' background and assess their language use in both English and Dutch. Respondents interviewed for the study consisted of 30 retired Dutch migrants, all of whom had arrived in New Zealand between 1950 and 1965 when they were aged between 18 and 35 years. All respondents were living in the Greater Auckland area and were aged between 65 and 92 years at the time of the interview. All respondents were asked questions based on a sociolinguistic life questionnaire and asked about their language use and experiences since migration. Interviews were recorded, and information from interviews and questionnaires was supplemented by data collected from participants' adult children. This article will focus on respondents' comments in relation to their motivation to either maintain their first language (L1) Dutch or shift to their second language (L2) English in the home environment. It appears that external societal attitudes affected respondents' language use in a number of domains. © The Author(s) 2012.

language regression invisible migrants Dutch in New Zealand Migration Migrants language attrition L1 linguistic environment Language maintenance bilingualism Language shift receiving society attitudes receiving society expectations host society expectations L2 linguistic environment host society attitudes bilingualism in a migration context language reversion

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