Nutrition Journal
Volume 11, Issue 1, 2012

Weight status and perception of body image in children: The effect of maternal immigrant status (Article) (Open Access)

Gualdi-Russo E. , Manzon V.S. , Masotti S.* , Toselli S. , Albertini A. , Celenza F. , Zaccagni L.
  • a Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgical Specialties, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I DEste, 32, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
  • b Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgical Specialties, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I DEste, 32, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
  • c Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgical Specialties, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I DEste, 32, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
  • d Department of Evolutionary Experimental Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  • e Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgical Specialties, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I DEste, 32, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
  • f Public Health Service Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  • g Department of Biomedical Sciences and Surgical Specialties, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I DEste, 32, Ferrara, 44121, Italy

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have shown that body image perception is an important factor in weight control and may be influenced by culture and ethnicity. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between immigrant status of the mother and weight status and body image perception of the child. Methods. In total, 2706 schoolchildren (1405 boys and 1301 girls) aged 8-9 years and their mothers participated in a cross-sectional survey in Emilia-Romagna region (northern Italy). Weight and height of the children were measured and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. Actual and ideal body image perception by the children and by the mothers with respect to their children was evaluated according to Collins body image silhouettes. Results: The BMI values were significantly lower in children of immigrants than in children of Italian mothers (F:17.27 vs 17.99 kg/m2; M:17.77 vs 18.13 kg/m2). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was lower, and the prevalence of underweight higher, in children of immigrant mothers than in those of Italian mothers (overweight- F:21.3 vs 29.1%; M. 28.3 vs 31.4%; underweight- F:5.16 vs 3.84%; M:6.63 vs 2.82%). The children's body image perception was consistent with the differing pattern of nutritional status. In the comparison between actual and ideal figures, the Feel-Ideal Difference Index (FID) scores resulted different between the subsample with foreign-born mother in comparison to the native one (significantly lower in daughters of immigrants) (FID- F: 0.31 vs 0.57; M: 0.35 vs 0.32). There were significant differences in the choice of the ideal figure of the child between immigrant mothers and Italian mothers (FID- F: -0.05 vs 0.19; M: -0.35 vs 0.03): the ideal figure values were higher in the immigrant mothers of male children and lower in the Italian mothers of female children. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cultural and behavioral factors linked to ethnicity play an important role in the nutritional status of children and in the perceived and ideal body image. © 2012 Gualdi-Russo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Author Keywords

Weight status Thinness Body image perception immigrant status overweight

Index Keywords

immigrant human Thinness Overweight Ideal Body Weight obesity Maternal Behavior weight control feeding behavior Health Surveys Body Image Cross-Sectional Studies school child Humans Sex Characteristics male Emigrants and Immigrants female Mothers self concept cultural factor prevalence Incidence Article underweight mother adult human experiment body weight normal human Italy ethnicity Emilia Child Development Body Mass Index Culture Child
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867389312&doi=10.1186%2f1475-2891-11-85&partnerID=40&md5=8bf405a53340068458e442eb34b193d1
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-85
ISSN: 14752891
Cited by: 20
Original Language: English