The relationship between earnings returns to human capital characteristics by race and immigration status was explored. Data werefrom the 2000 U.S. Census (5%) and the 2005ACS. ANOVA was employed to compare groups on earnings and regression was utilized to investigate earnings returns to immigrants by race. Considerable disparities emerged. African born whites had the highest educational attainment, followed by African born Blacks; foreign born Whites, native born whites, and native born Blacks. Rankings of earnings indicated a different pattern. Mean earnings were highest among African born whites, followed by foreign born whites, native born Whites, African born Blacks, and native born Blacks. Education being equal, Whites earned substantially more than native- and African- born Blacks. Human capital alone failed to explain disparities.

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