While initially, discussions about problems related to the treatment of immigrants have mainly concentrated on language and cultural differences, recent research has revealed the multifaceted nature of the issue. Besides language competence, factors such as education level, social situation and the health literacy of the individual patient as well as therapy motivation have proven to be relevant. Particularly decisive is the affiliation to an environment where outlooks on life and life styles are expressed, which can have substantial effects on communication, therapy and success of treatment. An important task for physicians is to develop this point and to approach patients in a manner appropriate for their own personal characteristics, especially in the treatment of immigrants. © Springer-Verlag 2011.

professional competence communication Health literacy Treatment Socioeconomic factors

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