The purpose of this study was to describe translation of five measures (physical activity, acculturation, discrimination, self-efficacy, and depression) from English into Hindi using the committee translation method, focus group, and think-aloud interviews. Two South Asian Indian (SAI) immigrant bilingual translators and a moderator reached consensus on 93 of 102 items, using the committee method. Discrepancy in nine items was resolved with a focus group conducted with five bilingual SAI immigrants. Ten other bilingual SAI immigrants participated in think-aloud interviews to assess understanding and interpretation of the questions. More than 10 additional changes were made following the think-aloud interviews. Sequential use of multiple translation techniques improved translation with culturally acceptable language, thereby maintaining equivalence with original versions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Cognitive interviewing cross-cultural research Translation South Asian Indians Think-alouds physical activity

evaluation information processing depression India perceptive discrimination Semantics human language Discrimination (Psychology) Self Efficacy United States Humans male Emigrants and Immigrants Acculturation female questionnaire self concept cultural factor Psychometrics psychometry Article Questionnaires adult migration standard Motor Activity Cultural Characteristics Focus Groups concept formation