The objective of the study is to describe distinguishing characteristics of commercial sexual exploitation of children/child sex trafficking victims (CSEC) who present for health care in the pediatric setting.This is a retrospective study of patients aged 12-18 years who presented to any of three pediatric emergency departments or one child protection clinic, and who were identified as suspected victims of CSEC. The sample was compared with gender and age-matched patients with allegations of child sexual abuse/sexual assault (CSA) without evidence of CSEC on variables related to demographics, medical and reproductive history, high-risk behavior, injury history and exam findings.There were 84 study participants, 27 in the CSEC group and 57 in the CSA group. Average age was 15.7 years for CSEC patients and 15.2 years for CSA patients; 100% of the CSEC and 94.6% of the CSA patients were female. The two groups significantly differed in 11 evaluated areas with the CSEC patients more likely to have had experiences with violence, substance use, running away from home, and involvement with child protective services and/or law enforcement. CSEC patients also had a longer history of sexual activity.Adolescent CSEC victims differ from sexual abuse victims without evidence of CSEC in their reproductive history, high risk behavior, involvement with authorities, and history of violence. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Human trafficking Commercial sexual exploitation of children Child prostitution Child sex trafficking

Child Abuse, Sexual sexual behavior multicenter study clinical trial Wounds and Injuries Continental Population Groups human ancestry group statistics and numerical data Substance-Related Disorders Child Protective Services child protection United States Humans Adolescent male female Electronic Health Records prostitution electronic health record child sexual abuse human trafficking high risk behavior Retrospective Studies Risk-Taking emergency health service Emergency Service, Hospital Case-Control Studies crime victim exposure to violence Medical History Taking retrospective study anamnesis case control study homeless youth Crime Victims Child