US Chinese immigrants undergo a transition to increased chronic disease risk commonly attributed to acculturative and dietary changes. Longitudinal data to confirm this are lacking. We examined acculturation and diet over time in 312 Chinese immigrant women in Philadelphia, recruited October 2005 to April 2008 and followed with interviews and dietary recalls until April 2010. Associations were modeled using generalized estimating equations to account for repeated measures over time. Increasing length of US residence was associated with a small (~1 %/year) but significant increase in acculturation score (p < 0.0001), which in turn was significantly associated with increased energy density of the diet, percent of energy from fat, and sugar intake, and lower dietary moderation score. These findings provide longitudinal evidence that acculturation increases with length of US residence and is accompanied by dietary changes. However, the changes were small enough that their health impact is unclear. Factors besides acculturation that affect immigrant health and that affect the acculturation trajectory itself warrant investigation. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

longitudinal Chinese immigrants diet Acculturation

longitudinal study caloric intake human epidemiology Longitudinal Studies middle aged statistics and numerical data diet feeding behavior Pennsylvania United States Humans migrant Philadelphia Energy Intake Asian Americans Emigrants and Immigrants Asian American Acculturation Socioeconomic Factors female socioeconomics cultural factor adult body mass Body Mass Index