Immediately after the end of the Second World War in 1945, most observers expected that under the pressure of thousands of displaced persons in Western Europe, traditional migration streams between Europe and the countries of North and South America and Oceania, would be revived. This proved to be a misconception: most of the refugees, and also a considerable part of the working population of southern Europe and Algeria were absorbed by the rapidly expanding labour markets of the countries of North-Western Europe. When during the late fifties, the reconstruction period came to an end, first France, Belgium and Switzerland, and later the Federal Republic of Germany and Austria experienced rapid economic growth which was accompanied by a depletion of their traditional sources of labour. Labour-recruitment contracts were initiated during the Sixties, between the North-Western European countries and the Mediterranean ones to induce the inflow of foreign labour. -from Author

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