Urologe
Volume 57, Issue 10, 2018, Pages 1191-1199

Urogenital tuberculosis and schistosomiasis (bilharzia): Urological challenges in displaced persons [Urogenitaltuberkulose und Schistosomiasis (Bilharziose): Urologische Herausforderungen durch Flucht und Vertreibung] (Review)

Naber K.G.* , Kulchavenya E. , Bichler K.-H. , Wagenlehner F.M.E.
  • a Urologische Klinik, Klinikum der Technischen Universität München, München, Germany, Karl-Bickleder-Str. 44c, Straubing, 94315, Germany
  • b Urologische Klinik, TB Forschungsinstitut, Universität Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
  • c Urologie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  • d Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Kinderurologie und Andrologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg – Standort Gießen, Gießen, Germany

Abstract

We are observing the largest worldwide wave of migration ever. Displaced persons usually do not have access to general health care and are faced with a lack of hygienic conditions and infection control while fleeing, which leads to an accumulation of “exotic” infectious diseases. The number of patients with tuberculosis (TB) had declined for many years in Germany; however, increasing numbers of cases have recently been observed. For urologists, of course, the manifestations of urogenital TB (UGTB) are of particular interest. Therefore, the basics regarding diagnosis and therapy of UGTB are discussed in this article and explained using case studies. The second important “exotic” infectious disease that urologists are increasingly facing is schistosomiasis. The larvae (found mostly in stagnant water) penetrate through intact human skin, mature and migrate into the liver, from where they immigrate into the venous capillaries of the intestine, the small pelvis, the bladder wall and the distal ureter, and there cause chronic inflammation. All urologists should be familiar with the diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis of urogenital schistosomiasis and the oncogenesis of schistosomiasis-associated bladder carcinoma. © 2018, Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.

Author Keywords

Infectious diseases Mycobacteria Shrunked bladder Bladder cancer Urinary tract

Index Keywords

bladder carcinoma diagnostic procedure Germany Review Animals refugee prophylaxis Schistosoma animal Schistosomiasis haematobia carcinogenesis human Humans Refugees schistosomiasis urogenital tuberculosis Tuberculosis, Urogenital
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85053202682&doi=10.1007%2fs00120-018-0760-x&partnerID=40&md5=c213c3da9a02e5ca0499ca630d01fbff
DOI: 10.1007/s00120-018-0760-x
ISSN: 03402592
Original Language: German