"Among the effects produced in the Sierra of Ecuador by the programme of land reforms launched in 1964 was a reduction in the incomes from small-scale farming. At the same time, the growth of productive employment in urban areas was insufficient to provide round-the-year work to the fast growing army of jobseekers. Analysis of the agrarian structure and migration patterns before and after 1964 suggests that it was primarily this combination of circumstances that produced a pronounced shift towards short-term rather than permanent migration, thereby providing industry and services with the labour they needed while avoiding the disadvantages of severe urban overpopulation." excerpt

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residential mobility South and Central America Ecuador Americas Latin America economics population demography developing country Population Dynamics Developing Countries Migration, Internal Agriculture policy Temporary Migration rural development health care manpower Health Manpower South America Western Hemisphere Article social planning rural-urban migration migration Demographic Factors Emigration and Immigration Economic Factors Agricultural Development Human Resources employment Labor Force