Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
Volume 45, Issue 8, 2017, Pages 779-789

Singapore Indian Eye Study-2: methodology and impact of migration on systemic and eye outcomes (Article)

Sabanayagam C.* , Yip W. , Gupta P. , Mohd Abdul R.B.B. , Lamoureux E. , Kumari N. , Cheung G.C.M. , Cheung C.Y. , Wang J.J. , Cheng C.-Y. , Wong T.Y.
  • a Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
  • b Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
  • c Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
  • d Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
  • e Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
  • f Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Hong Kong
  • g Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
  • h Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong Eye Centre, Hong Kong
  • i Centre for Vision Research, University of SydneyNSW, Australia
  • j Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
  • k Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore

Abstract

Importance: Asian Indians are the fastest growing migration groups in the world. Studies evaluating the impact of migration on disease outcomes in this population are rare. Background: We describe the methodology of the Singapore Indian Eye Study-2 (SINDI-2) aimed to evaluate the impact of migration status on diabetic retinopathy and other major age-related eye diseases in Asian Indians living in an urban environment. Design: Population-based cohort study. Participants: A total of 2200 adults had participated in baseline SINDI (2007–2009, mean age [range] = 57.8 [42.7–84.1] years) and SINDI-2 (2013–2015, 56.5 [48.4–90.2] years). Methods: Participants were classified as ‘first generation’ if they were Indian residents born outside of Singapore and as ‘second-generation’ immigrants (59.7% in SINDI vs. 63.6% in SINDI-2) if they were born in Singapore. Main Outcome Measures: Response rate, participant characteristics and prevalence of systemic diseases were stratified by migration status. Results: Of the 2914 eligible SINDI participants invited to participate, 2200 participated in SINDI-2 (response rate of 75.2%). In both SINDI and SINDI-2, compared with first-generation immigrants, second-generation immigrants were younger, less likely to have income <1000 SGD, had lower levels of pulse pressure, higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, had lower prevalence of hypertension and chronic kidney disease and had higher prevalence of current smoking and obesity (all P < 0.05). Conclusions and Relevance: In both SINDI and SINDI-2, second-generation immigrants had lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors except smoking and obesity compared with first-generation immigrants. The final report will confirm if these differences between generations are evident with regard to eye diseases. © 2017 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists

Author Keywords

Diabetic retinopathy Asian Indians association Progression Incidence

Index Keywords

urban population pulse pressure urban area prospective study immigrant visual impairment cardiovascular risk multicenter study Diabetic Retinopathy India methodology clinical trial Cardiovascular Diseases Indian Prospective Studies human epidemiology comorbidity middle aged birthplace Eye Diseases obesity time factor controlled study hypertension Time Factors eye disease comparative study Aged ethnology Cross-Sectional Studies cross-sectional study migrant Humans smoking cardiovascular disease male Emigrants and Immigrants female Aged, 80 and over very elderly risk factor Risk Factors prevalence Article major clinical study adult migration Singapore high density lipoprotein cholesterol outcome assessment cohort analysis chronic kidney failure
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020693230&doi=10.1111%2fceo.12974&partnerID=40&md5=a95b42c042a686101d786bcba9ea436d
DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12974
ISSN: 14426404
Cited by: 21
Original Language: English