Clinical Psychological Science
Volume 5, Issue 6, 2017, Pages 964-973
Exploring the Potential Distinction Between Continuous Traumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Stress in an East African Refugee Sample (Article)
Hecker T.* ,
Ainamani H.E. ,
Hermenau K. ,
Haefele E. ,
Elbert T.
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a
Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Germany, vivo international, Germany
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b
Bishop Stuart University, Uganda
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c
vivo international, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany
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d
Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany
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e
vivo international, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress (PTS) indicates a continuous stress response that persists though threats to life had been experienced in the past. However, threats to life are frequently ongoing. For these contexts, the concept of continuous traumatic stress (CTS) has been put forward. Based on structured clinical interviews with Congolese refugees (N = 226), this study investigated the CTS concept and whether it can be distinguished from PTS. We found that current exposure to violence correlated positively with concerns about its recurrence in the CTS group (r =.46). An ANCOVA indicated that higher intrusion symptom severity in the PTS group (no symptom reduction under safe conditions) was explained by higher lifetime trauma exposure (η2 =.125). In contexts of continuous trauma exposure, symptom-like responses may be regarded as appropriate responses to realistic danger. In these contexts, the possibility that symptom changes are a response to real threats should be considered to avoid overestimation of PTSD prevalences. © 2017, © The Author(s) 2017.
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Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85032705556&doi=10.1177%2f2167702617717023&partnerID=40&md5=ac9b2a864aca0f240f93010e00a5e8e9
DOI: 10.1177/2167702617717023
ISSN: 21677026
Original Language: English