Journal of Urban Health
2019

Association of Time since Migration from Rural to Urban Slums and Maternal and Child Outcomes: Dhaka (North and South) and Gazipur City Corporations (Article)

Razzaque A. , Clair K.* , Chin B. , Islam M.Z. , Mia M.N. , Chowdhury R. , Mustafa A.G. , Kuhn R.
  • a International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Health System and Population Studies Division, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • b Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  • c Asian Development Bank, Manila, Philippines
  • d Embassy of Sweden, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • e International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Health System and Population Studies Division, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • f International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Health System and Population Studies Division, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • g International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Health System and Population Studies Division, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • h Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Abstract

This study analyzes data from a new Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance (UHDSS) in five slums in Dhaka (North and South) and Gazipur City Corporations to examine the relationship between migration status and maternal and child health service utilization. Migration status was determined by duration in urban slums (<= 9.99 years, 10–19.99 years, 20+ years, and urban-born). Compared to those born in the city, migrants were characterized by significant disadvantages in every maternal, neonatal, and child health (MNCH) indicator under study, including antenatal care, facility-based delivery, doctor-assisted delivery, child immunization, caesarean-section delivery, and use of modern contraceptives. We found that the level of service coverage among migrants gradually converged—but did not fully converge—to that of the urban-born with increasing duration in the city. We observed a strong positive association between wealth and total MNCH coverage, with a more modest association with higher levels of schooling attainment. Women who were engaged in market employment were less likely to receive adequate coverage, suggesting a tradeoff between livelihood attainment and mother-and-child health. After controlling for these socioeconomic and neighborhood variations in coverage, the duration gradient was diminished but still significant. In line with existing studies of healthcare access, this study highlights the persistent and widespread burden of unequal access to maternal and child health care facing migrants to slum areas, even relative to the overall disadvantages experienced in informal settlements. © 2019, The New York Academy of Medicine.

Author Keywords

Rural-urban migration Maternal and child health Bangladesh Dhaka

Index Keywords

[No Keywords available]
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075477057&doi=10.1007%2fs11524-019-00395-9&partnerID=40&md5=99486ae6e109bfd44d9bb835245ebfba
DOI: 10.1007/s11524-019-00395-9
ISSN: 10993460
Original Language: English