Background: Refugees are vulnerable to mental health disorders because of migration trauma. However, register-based prevalence studies are missing. Aims: To investigate the risk of mental disorders among refugees compared with that among native Danes. Method: Refugees (n = 29,139), who received residence permission in Denmark from 1.1.1993 to 31.12.1999 were matched 1:4 on age and sex with native Danes (n = 116,556). Civil registration numbers were linked to the Danish Psychiatric Central Register to obtain data on ICD-10 diagnosis upon discharge for all first-time psychiatric hospital contacts for refugees (n = 2,120) and native Danes (n = 5,044) between 1.1.1994 and 31.12.2003. Treated prevalence was then calculated using a Poisson regression model. Results: Refugee men (RR = 2.02; 95%CI = 1.75-2.34) and refugee women (RR = 1.49; 95%CI = 1.29-1.72) had higher overall risks of having a first-time psychiatric contact for mental disorders than did native Danes; specific risks of psychotic, affective and neurotic disorders were even higher. The results were most striking for refugee men, and for refugees from the former Yugoslavia, Iraq and the Middle East. Conclusions: Refugees have high rates of various mental disorders. Healthcare services should target refugees' mental health from arrival in the receiving country. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

immigrants Psychiatry Mental health Refugees Prevalence

mood disorder refugee Registries indigenous people risk Follow-Up Studies human risk assessment Refugees Cohort Studies Middle East psychosis Denmark International Classification of Diseases Population Groups controlled study Iraq Yugoslavia Mental Disorders mental disease Humans male disease registry Emigrants and Immigrants female Risk Factors prevalence Article Retrospective Studies adult Sex Factors age distribution cohort analysis mental hospital retrospective study neurosis