Background: Screening of refugees resettled from areas with a high (>8%) or intermediate (2-7%) prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) is critical to identify and to provide counseling to those with chronic HBV carriage; and to ensure entry into medical care of those with chronic hepatitis to prevent long-term sequelae. Methods: We performed a descriptive retrospective analysis of refugees resettled into the US seen at a US travel clinic over a 3-year period and in whom we have obtained HBV serologies and clinical evaluations to define various clinical stages of HBV infection. Results: During the study period, we evaluated a total of 80 patients categorized as refugees or asylum seekers resettled mostly from African countries. In our clinic, we performed HBV serologic analyses among 74/80 (90%) of them. Of those undergoing testing, 17/74 (23%) patients had evidence of HBsAg-positivity. Among these, one patient died secondary to HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, three had chronic HBV infection, and thirteen were found to be chronic inactive HBV carriers. The average time of their resettlement to their time of HBV-related diagnosis was 3.5 years. All 17 patients with HBV surface antigenemia were counseled and enter into medical care for long-term clinical follow up. Conclusion: Earlier efforts are required to provide counseling for HBV chronic carriers, vaccinate the unexposed, and assure entry into medical care for those with chronic HBV infection among refugee communities resettled in the US. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Viral hepatitis Chronic hepatitis Refugees Hepatitis B United States Acute hepatitis

refugee mass screening follow up human Refugees middle aged travel controlled study priority journal Hepatitis B virus screening epidemiological data Young Adult United States Humans Adolescent Treatment Outcome male counseling female Africa clinical article outpatient department liver cell carcinoma prevalence Article Retrospective Studies adult serology outcome assessment hepatitis B surface antigen retrospective study emporiatrics vaccination hepatitis B virus carrier medical care Carrier State