Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
Volume 18, Issue 5, 2016, Pages 966-970

Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Immigrant and Refugee Children Arriving in the United States: 2010 (Article)

Taylor E.M.* , Painter J. , Posey D.L. , Zhou W. , Shetty S.
  • a Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center of Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Washington, DC, United States
  • b Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center of Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Washington, DC, United States
  • c Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center of Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Washington, DC, United States
  • d Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center of Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Washington, DC, United States
  • e Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center of Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Washington, DC, United States

Abstract

Immigrants and refugees age 2–14 years entering the United States from countries with estimated tuberculosis (TB) incidence rate ≥20 per 100,000 population are screened for TB. Children with TB disease are treated before US arrival. Children with positive tuberculin skin tests (TST), but negative TB evaluation during their pre-immigration examination, are classified with latent TB infection (LTBI) and are recommended for re-evaluation post-arrival. We examined post-immigration TB evaluation and therapy for children arriving with LTBI. We reviewed medical exam data from immigrant children with medical conditions and all refugee children arriving during 2010. Medical examination data were available for 67,334 children. Of these, 8231 (12 %) had LTBI pre-immigration; 5749 (70 %) were re-evaluated for TB post-immigration, and 64 % were retested by TST or IGRA. The pre-immigration LTBI diagnosis was changed for 38 % when retested by TST and for 71 % retested by IGRA. Estimated LTBI therapy initiation and completion rates were 68 and 12 %. In this population, testing with IGRA may limit the number of children targeted for therapy. Increased pre-immigration TB screening with post-immigration follow-up evaluation leading to completion of LTBI therapy should be encouraged to prevent TB reactivation. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York (Outside USA).

Author Keywords

Pediatric Migrants Tuberculin skin test interferon gamma release assay

Index Keywords

refugee human epidemiology Refugees interferon gamma release assay Interferon-gamma Release Tests ethnology United States Humans migrant Adolescent male Emigrants and Immigrants latent tuberculosis preschool child female Child, Preschool Incidence tuberculin test Child
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84941343570&doi=10.1007%2fs10903-015-0273-2&partnerID=40&md5=15626764d3e575343b5ff9fe870fe73a
DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0273-2
ISSN: 15571912
Cited by: 8
Original Language: English