Research Involvement and Engagement
Volume 3, Issue 1, 2017

Using participatory learning & action (PLA) research techniques for inter-stakeholder dialogue in primary healthcare: An analysis of stakeholders’ experiences (Article) (Open Access)

de Brún T. , O’Reilly-De Brún M. , Van Weel-Baumgarten E. , Burns N. , Dowrick C. , Lionis C. , O’donnell C. , Mair F.S. , Papadakaki M. , Saridaki A. , Spiegel W. , Van Weel C. , Van den Muijsenbergh M.* , Macfarlane A.
  • a Centre for Participatory Strategies (CPS), Galway, Ireland, Discipline of General Practice, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
  • b Centre for Participatory Strategies (CPS), Galway, Ireland, Discipline of General Practice, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
  • c Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • d Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
  • e Department of Psychological Sciences, B121 Waterhouse Buildings University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • f University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
  • g General Practice & Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  • h General Practice & Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  • i Technological Educational Institute of Crete, School of Health and Social Welfare, Department of Social Work, Heraklion, Greece
  • j University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
  • k Centre for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1st floor, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
  • l Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • m Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Pharos, centre of expertise on health disparities, Utrecht, Netherlands
  • n Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

Abstract

Background In order to be effective, primary healthcare must understand the health needs, values and expectations of the population it serves. Recent research has shown that the involvement of service users and other stakeholders and gathering information on their perspectives can contribute positively to many aspects of primary healthcare. Participatory methodologies have the potential to support engagement and dialogue between stakeholders from academic, migrant community and health service settings. This paper focuses on a specific participatory research methodology, Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) in which all stakeholders are regarded as equal partners and collaborators in research. Our research question for this paper was: "Does the application of PLA lead to meaningful engagement of all stakeholders, and if so, what elements contribute to a positive and productive inter-stakeholder dialogue?". Methods We explored the use of PLA in RESTORE, a European FP7-funded project, during 2011– 2015 in 5 countries: Austria, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands and the UK. The objective of RESTORE was to investigate and support the implementation of guidelines and training initiatives (G/TIs) to enhance communication in cross-cultural primary care consultations with migrants. Seventy eight stakeholders (migrants, interpreters, doctors, nurses and others – see Table 2) participated in a total of 62 PLA sessions (discussions, activities, evaluations) of approximately 2–3 h’ duration across the five sites. During the fieldwork, qualitative data were generated about stakeholders’ experiences of engagement in this dialogue, by means of various methods including participatory evaluations, researchers’ fieldwork reports and researcher interviews. These were analysed following the principles of thematic analysis. Results Stakeholders involved in PLA inter-stakeholder dialogues reported a wide range of positive experiences of engagement, and very few negative experiences. A positive atmosphere during early research sessions helped to create a sense of safety and trust. This enabled stakeholders from very different backgrounds, with different social status and power, to offer their perspectives in a way that led to enhanced learning in the group – they learned with and from each other. This fostered shifts in understanding – for example, a doctor changed her view on interpreted consultations because of the input of the migrant service-users. Conclusion PLA successfully promoted stakeholder involvement in meaningful and productive inter-stakeholder dialogues. This makes it an attractive approach to enhance the further development of health research partnerships to advance primary healthcare. © The Author(s). 2017.

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Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057048630&doi=10.1186%2fs40900-017-0077-8&partnerID=40&md5=222bb35ec586ee3b8033c631295c2b33
DOI: 10.1186/s40900-017-0077-8
ISSN: 20567529
Cited by: 3
Original Language: English