Objective: To systematically review studies of TB treatment experiences in immigrant populations, using Critical Interpretive Synthesis (CIS). Methods: On 26 October 2014, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, and PsycINFO were systematically searched. Grey literature and reference lists were hand-searched. Initial papers included were restricted to studies of immigrant patient perspectives; after a model was developed, a second set of papers was included to test the emerging theory. Results: Of 1761 studies identified in the search, a total of 29 were included in the synthesis. Using those studies, we developed a model that suggested treatment experiences were strongly related to the way both individuals and societies adjusted to immigration (‘acculturation strategies’). Relationships with healthcare workers and immigration policies played particularly significant roles in TB treatment. Conclusions: This review emphasised the roles of repatriation policy and healthcare workers in forming experiences of TB treatment in immigrant populations. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

TB treatment low-prevalence countries critical interpretive synthesis Systematic review Immigrant populations

communication barrier Communication Barriers immigrant Embase Cinahl health care personnel human immigration synthesis statistics and numerical data professional-patient relationship Professional-Patient Relations Coercion organization Cultural Competency persuasive communication Medline ethnology medication compliance qualitative research cultural competence Humans migrant psychology male Emigrants and Immigrants Acculturation female tuberculosis PsycINFO theoretical study Social Stigma cultural factor prevalence health care adult systematic review repatriation Medication Adherence