Public Health Nutrition
Volume 20, Issue 11, 2017, Pages 1963-1972

Dietary patterns and non-communicable disease risk in Indian adults: Secondary analysis of Indian Migration Study data (Article) (Open Access)

Joy E.J.M.* , Green R. , Agrawal S. , Aleksandrowicz L. , Bowen L. , Kinra S. , MacDIarmid J.I. , Haines A. , Dangour A.D.
  • a Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E7HT, United Kingdom, Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research On Agriculture and Health, London, United Kingdom
  • b Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E7HT, United Kingdom, Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research On Agriculture and Health, London, United Kingdom
  • c Public Health Foundation of India, Institutional Area Gurgaon, New Delhi, India
  • d Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E7HT, United Kingdom, Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research On Agriculture and Health, London, United Kingdom
  • e Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E7HT, United Kingdom
  • f Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  • g Public Health Nutrition Research Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
  • h Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E7HT, United Kingdom, Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  • i Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E7HT, United Kingdom, Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research On Agriculture and Health, London, United Kingdom

Abstract

Objective Undernutrition and non-communicable disease (NCD) are important public health issues in India, yet their relationship with dietary patterns is poorly understood. The current study identified distinct dietary patterns and their association with micronutrient undernutrition (Ca, Fe, Zn) and NCD risk factors (underweight, obesity, waist:hip ratio, hypertension, total:HDL cholesterol, diabetes). Design Data were from the cross-sectional Indian Migration Study, including semi-quantitative FFQ. Distinct dietary patterns were identified using finite mixture modelling; associations with NCD risk factors were assessed using mixed-effects logistic regression models. Setting India. Subjects Migrant factory workers, their rural-dwelling siblings and urban non-migrants. Participants (7067 adults) resided mainly in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. Results Five distinct, regionally distributed, dietary patterns were identified, with rice-based patterns in the south and wheat-based patterns in the north-west. A rice-based pattern characterised by low energy consumption and dietary diversity ('Rice & low diversity') was consumed predominantly by adults with little formal education in rural settings, while a rice-based pattern with high fruit consumption ('Rice & fruit') was consumed by more educated adults in urban settings. Dietary patterns met WHO macronutrient recommendations, but some had low micronutrient contents. Dietary pattern membership was associated with several NCD risk factors. Conclusions Five distinct dietary patterns were identified, supporting sub-national assessments of the implications of dietary patterns for various health, food system or environment outcomes. © 2017 The Authors.

Author Keywords

Non-communicable disease risk factors Indian Migration Study Finite mixture modelling Dietary Patterns Micronutrient malnutrition

Index Keywords

urban population India Caucasian Waist-Hip Ratio human epidemiology Thinness middle aged waist hip ratio rural population obesity diet ethnology deficiency Micronutrients trace element Triglycerides Cross-Sectional Studies Surveys and Questionnaires cross-sectional study Humans male female risk factor Risk Factors questionnaire prevalence cholesterol underweight blood adult migration European Continental Ancestry Group triacylglycerol principal component analysis Transients and Migrants body mass Body Mass Index non communicable disease Noncommunicable Diseases
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85017130809&doi=10.1017%2fS1368980017000416&partnerID=40&md5=4ca529553176cb55e792089602982d2f
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980017000416
ISSN: 13689800
Cited by: 14
Original Language: English