Some trafficked women return home either pregnant or with children born while exploited. These children are exposed, from birth, to the violence and violations of human trafficking and, moreover, witness their mothers’ exploitation. They also face challenges and complications when they “return home” with their mothers. This article discusses four levels at which integration takes place—1) in the child’s relations with the trafficked mother; 2) in family relationships; 3) in community interactions; and 4) in the formal society into which they integrate—and explores the tensions and challenges that trafficked mothers and their children face in the integration process. © 2017, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Integration trafficked mothers Children born of trafficking Reintegration Human trafficking Community Family

exposure female witness pregnancy human trafficking human experiment human mother tension Child