Computers in Human Behavior
Volume 64, 2016, Pages 183-190

Kidnapping WhatsApp – Rumors during the search and rescue operation of three kidnapped youth (Article) (Open Access)

Simon T.* , Goldberg A. , Leykin D. , Adini B.
  • a Department of Emergency Medicine, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel, PREPARED Center for Emergency Response Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
  • b PREPARED Center for Emergency Response Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel, Department of Health Systems Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
  • c Department of Emergency Medicine, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel, PREPARED Center for Emergency Response Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel
  • d Department of Emergency Medicine, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel, PREPARED Center for Emergency Response Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheba, Israel

Abstract

During terror attacks, information with unknown credibility might circulate and people use rumors to compensate for information gaps. On 06.12.2014, three teenagers were kidnapped from a bus station in the West Bank and found dead after several days. A gag order was issued, causing interest in alternative sources of information. This study investigated how information spread through WhatsApp during the search operation using a participatory research approach. 13 rumors circulating on WhatsApp were collected, nine of which were verified, and found to be true. A web-based survey revealed that 61.1% of 419 respondents received information regarding the kidnapping through WhatsApp; 38.9% through Facebook. Sources of two rumors and participation of emergency authorities in rumor dissemination were identified. Some rumors originated from the family and community of the abductees, while other WhatsApp messages included information and names of two abductees, which were not public at the time. When emergency authorities share unconfirmed information, it is perceived as more credible than information spread by citizens. During the operation, official representatives did not correct or refute any rumors. Locating the source of a rumor is challenging and thus it is important to actively investigate rumors in real-time in order to locate the source. © 2016 The Authors

Author Keywords

Terror WhatsApp Misinformation Rumor Social media Emergency management

Index Keywords

emergency Rumor major clinical study participatory research juvenile kidnapping risk management Surveys nomenclature misinformation Terror WhatsApp crime human Social networking (online) family Emergency management social media
Link
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84977272679&doi=10.1016%2fj.chb.2016.06.058&partnerID=40&md5=3db233c8d4b6217580611f4bd2c13551
DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.058
ISSN: 07475632
Cited by: 8
Original Language: English