Forced labor is still existing despite of the global efforts to end the practice. About 12.3 million people are subjected to some form of forced labor. Economic exploitation, which accounts for 64 percent of the world total, also occurs mostly in less developed countries. It tends to affect the most marginalized, such as lower castes of India and Pakistan and the indigenous peoples of Nepal and Brazil. State-imposed exploitation accounts for 20 percent of the world total of forced labor. The member countries of International Labor Organization (ILO) have ratified the organizations' convention to stop the practice, but national laws are too weak to be effective.

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