The 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a conviction of Fernando Diaz-Diaz for unlawful entry into the United States. The court rejected the defendant's argument of medical necessity due to his inability to pay for HIV medication in Mexico. The court ruled that the defendant must show a prima facie case on each of four elements to qualify for medical necessity. The appeals panel ruled that Diaz-Diaz provided insufficient evidence on both the immediacy of his medical condition and the lack of lawful alternatives.

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male HIV Infections Transients and Migrants Criminal Law economics Mexico Human immunodeficiency virus infection Article United States human Humans migration