The effects of a community's culture on children's and adolescents' normative beliefs about the appropriateness of aggression were examined. One hundred forty-seven high school students and 103 fourth graders participated in a survey of normative beliefs; 69 high school and 44 elementary school students were of Middle-Eastern background. Although there were no differences in the beliefs of immigrant and nonimmigrant fourth graders, adolescents born in the United States were more accepting of aggression than those who immigrated from the Middle East. Moreover, adolescents who immigrated to the U.S. at age 12 or later were less accepting of aggression than those who immigrated prior to age 12. © 1999 Plenum Publishing Corporation.

culture Normative beliefs Aggression Assimilation Middle East

urban population cultural anthropology human Middle East ethnology United States Humans Aggression attitude Adolescent male Acculturation female questionnaire cultural factor Article Questionnaires adult migration Emigration and Immigration Culture Child